Matthew

Haydn Trumpet Concerto media type="youtube" key="V7TGwEbXXP0" width="425" height="350" media type="youtube" key="06_gatm_MpQ" width="425" height="350" media type="youtube" key="emUOjj5o4J0" width="425" height="350"

__**Title : Haydn Trumpet Concerto**__ __**Orchestra Name : English Chamber Orchestra**__ __**Conductor : Raymond Leppar**__ __**Musical Time Period : Baroque**__

__**Information on the Piece**__ Joseph Haydn's Trumpet Concerto was written for his long-time friend, Anton Weidinger. After finding out that Anton Weidinger developed the keyed" trumpet which allowed for a wider range of chromatic notes on the trumpet. Before this, the trumpet was commonly valveless and could only play a limited range of harmonic notes by altering the trumpet player's embouchure. Due to Weidinger's development of the keyed trumpet, Haydn was able to write a Trumpet Concerto for him which consisted of notes that the keyed trumpet could hit in the lower register, thus exploiting the capabilities of the new instrument as compared to the previous key/valve-less trumpet.

Franz Joseph Haydn who was born on (March 31st 1732 - May 31st 1809) was a composer, one of the most prominent and outstanding composers of the "Classical" period. He was given the nickname(s) "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet" because of his important contributions to these forms. He also played a role in developing the "piano trio" and the evolution of "sonata form". (Piano Trio - Two other instruments and a Piano, Sonata Form - A musical structure adapted from the middle of the 18th Century, involving movements of multi-movement pieces of Music) Haydn spent his life as a resident of Austria and as a court musician for a wealthy family by the name of "Esterhazy" family on their estate. He was isolated from other composers and trends in music until much later in his life, and he was "forced to become original" (Quote from his biographer Georg August Griesinger) At the time of his death, Haydn was celebrated as one of the most outstanding composers in Europe.
 * __Information on the Composer__**

Joseph Haydn was brother to Michael Haydn, who was also a highly regarded composer and Johann Evangelist Haydn, who was a tenor. He was also a close friend of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Haydn was a teacher of Ludwig van Beethoven.

This piece was chosen because it displayed the amazing capabilities of a "keyed" trumpet in modern times, along with the skill and accuracy of a modern-day musician who is arguably one of the best trumpet players today. Wynton Marsalis has developed circular breathing which allows a trumpet player to consistently play the instrument without having to take breaths as he/she plays a long "run" in a musical piece. Haydn's Trumpet Concerto also displays excellent dynamic(s) fluctuation, and the harmony between the Violins and the soloist, Wynton Marsalis. The tone coming from Marsalis is also superb, this is because he is naturally a jazz musician however has the ability to play Classical music without altering or "swinging" the notes as jazz music usually encourages. The melody played in this musical piece is very strong and there aren't any "unclear" notes coming from the soloist as he plays the melody, which near the end of the first movement also transitions into a solo which adds a slight mix of "swing" to the first movement, which then further transitions into an ending which does not clash with the solo but helps end the movement.
 * __Analysis of the Piece__**

__**Other Work**__ ^This is an example of a "Piano Trio" which Haydn aimed to help develop / contribute towards.
 * Symphony No. 101 in D major (Hoboken 1/101) - 2nd movement: "The Clock" (Chamber Arrangement)**

^This is an example of one of Haydn's compositions in his late 80's, which took him two years to finish. This is a bilingual piece which consists of a chorus singing in four parts, three vocal solists, and a large Classical Orchestra. The piece is well known for it's division of 4 parts, each representing a "season". (Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter)
 * The Seasons **